I made a HUGELY bad fold, should I have called down?

I'm in Big Blind with J9o...
1 early limper, CO raises, Button calls, I call.

Flop: 10 8 3, with 2 clubs.

I check, Early limper checks, CO bets, BU calls, I call, early guy calls.

Turn: Q of clubs ( I made my Straight!).

I bet out, early guy calls, CO raises, BU cold Calls, I fold.

River is not a club, it's a blank.

CO win 15 Big Bet pot with AA.

Did my fold on the Turn totally suck? (results-wise it did, but is this a long-term loser play big-time?)
I bet out
with the intention of folding to a raise 'cause I wanted to find out if anyone had a flush, and I wanted to save Big Bets...I figured no-one would raise without having a flush...
how bad was this? How flawed was my thinking here? Is this a 100% call down for 2 more BIg Bets situation? ("fold the river if someone bets and it's a club" the only exception?)

Should I have check-raised the Turn w/ the made str8?

I know I f*ed up - I just want someone to give me the proper line and tell me why
it's correct...