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Yes situational. No reads were given in this post. So I would go with the standard way of playing the hand. Which is following SSHE. If we had specific reads then saying this is situational makes more sense. So you are 3-betting 99 out of the BB everytime regardless of what type player you are against.

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Not always, but if it's a MP1 raise, and only the small blind has called, then I think that 3-betting is best. We're going to win more than 1/3 of the time. How large must the pocket pair be before you'd 3-bet it?

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If villain has overcards, he is not making a mistake preflop against your 99 when you 3-bet, how is this pushing your edge.

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This is a non-sequitur. The villain doesn't have to make a mistake for our raise to be profitable. Betting into someone, who has the odds to call, is not wrong. Your logic would mean that we ought not to bet into someone with a flush draw, since they can call profitably.

If we could see his cards, and he ours, what would the preflop action be?

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By keeping the pot small when out of position, you gain more from when the flop comes low and villain makes the mistake of chasing his overcards given the improper odds, by bloating the pot villain is correct to call after the flop with overcard. If the flop is terrible, you can just check fold.

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There's nothing wrong with this approach, but it does mean that you'll lose a pot once in a while to continuation bets. Taking the more aggressive approach is at least justifiable, and I think better.